The Best Native Plants for North American Birds
Eastern bluebird perches on a flowering peach tree branch.
Bird populations in North America are facing a concerning decline, with various factors contributing to their struggle for survival. Recent research attributes this decline to factors such as habitat loss, climate change, and the use of pesticides. By planting native species, we create pockets of sustainable habitats that can mitigate some of these threats and offer a lifeline for struggling bird populations.
How Can We Stop the Bird Population Decline?
One impactful way we can support our avian friends is by cultivating native plants in our gardens. These plants provide essential food sources for birds in the form of seeds and caterpillars, offering a more sustainable alternative to store-bought bird seed. In this article, we will explore why native plants are crucial for birds, how they have evolved together, and highlight the top 10 native trees, shrubs, and perennials that can make a difference to our feathered friends in your backyard.
Do Birds Prefer Native Plants?
Birds and native plants have evolved together over thousands of years, forming intricate relationships that benefit both parties. Native plants, adapted to local climates and soil conditions, offer birds a diverse range of food sources. Unlike non-native plants, these local flora are more likely to host insects that birds depend on, such as caterpillars, spiders, and beetles.
While store-bought bird seed may seem like a convenient option, it often lacks the nutritional diversity that birds need. Native plants provide a more natural and sustainable food source, offering a buffet of insects and seeds that align with the birds' evolutionary diets. Additionally, cultivating native plants supports the broader ecosystem by fostering biodiversity and creating a healthier habitat for various wildlife.
Native plants also play a crucial role in helping birds through the colder months by providing seeds and shelter. Evergreen native trees and shrubs, in particular, offer year-round protection, serving as a valuable resource during winter when other food options are scarce and birds need a cozy spot to hunker down.
Certain native plants serve as hosts for moths and butterflies, whose caterpillars are essential for supporting baby birds. By planting these host plants, you not only contribute to the lifecycle of these beautiful insects but also create a reliable food source for the next generation of birds. This interconnected web of life demonstrates the importance of native plantings for a thriving ecosystem.
Top 10 Native Trees, Shrubs, and Perennials for Birds:
Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana) – Provides berries for birds and offers shelter.
Serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.) – Produces berries and attracts insects for birds to feed on.
Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) – Attracts insects and offers seeds during winter.
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) – Provides seeds and attracts insects, supporting a diverse bird population.
Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) – Hosts Monarch butterfly caterpillars, supporting baby birds.
American Holly (Ilex opaca) – Offers berries and evergreen shelter for birds.
Blueberry Bush (Vaccinium spp.) – A favorite for birds, providing both berries and shelter.
Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) – Attracts butterflies and provides seeds for birds.
Oak Tree (Quercus spp.) – Hosts numerous caterpillar species, a crucial food source for birds.
Eastern Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) – Attracts insects and provides seeds for birds.
As we witness the decline of our feathered friends, it's essential to take action in our own backyards. By choosing native plants over store-bought bird seed, we contribute to a healthier ecosystem that supports birds through all stages of their lives.
Learn more about how to get started planting a native garden.
